Summary
The geography of Arabia helped shape the Arab way of life. The Arabian Peninsula is covered with desert, and water is found only at oases. In order to survive the intense heat, early Arabs formed tribes. The leader of the tribe was called a sheikh. Many Arabs lived in towns where they farmed or raised animals, while others were merchants. As trade increased, merchants started towns along the Arabian trade routes. Makkah, a crossroads for caravans and the holiest place in Arabia, became very wealthy from trade.
The prophet Muhammad brought the message of Islam to the people of Arabia. Followers of Islam are called Muslims. They believe in one God named Allah. The Quran provides guidelines for Muslims' lives and the governments of Muslim states.
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